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To achieve quality education for all, disability inclusion is critical

Veronica Stapleton, April 2025

At this year’s Comparative and International Education Society (CIES) global conference in Chicago, the theme was ‘Envisioning Education in a Digital Society’.

In response to this, the conference had many examples of positive and innovative uses of digital technology – but strategies for reaching the most marginalised learners, including children with disabilities, were rarely discussed.

Unequal access to technology and a growing digital divide

The focus on digital education inspired vibrant discussions from different global perspectives, but little was said about the fact that many children with disabilities in low and middle income countries are often unable to access even the most basic technology. When they can, they may not be able to use it effectively due to a lack of support services, the limited skills base of parents and education service providers, poor internet connectivity and unreliable electricity supply.

It is difficult to say whether the limited content covering disability inclusion at CIES this year was a result of the conference focus, a response to recent political and funding shifts or a combination of these and other factors. But it emphasised for us the importance of our ongoing work to ensure that the right of children with disabilities to education is not forgotten, and to provide the technical support and research evidence needed to make these rights a reality.

Children at a pre-school centre in Malawi.
Pre-school children in Malawi learn the alphabet. © Sightsavers/Homeline Media

At Sightsavers, we know that transformative change is possible when education systems are inclusive. We also know that only by prioritising inclusive education can the education sector address inequality and make progress towards Goal 4 of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): inclusive and equitable quality education for all.

We know that in some countries, disability can more than double a child’s risk of missing out on school. When digital solutions are used to deliver learning, it would be easy to think that this will increase accessibility for children with disabilities. In December 2020, Unicef reported that more than half of the 157 countries it surveyed about educational responses to the COVID-19 pandemic had not adopted any measures aimed at facilitating learning at a distance for children with disabilities. While the pandemic is now in the past, it is important to keep the dialogue about access to learning through technology alive.

Disability can more than double a child’s risk of missing out on school.
Steven Kaindaneh stands next to a screen during his presentation at the 2025 CIES conference.
Dr Steven Kaindaneh presented learnings from our gender-based violence research project in Sierra Leone. Image © Sightsavers

Digital education and disability inclusion: our presentations

In response to the conference theme, our teams delivered five presentations focusing on disability inclusion and digital education covering everything from early years learning to data to gender-based violence:

  • My presentation highlighted the dangers that children with disabilities face in being excluded from education systems because of the challenges in accessing appropriate technology. Read Ronnie’s presentation (pdf)
  • My colleague Sapana Basnet demonstrated the fact that the digital divide in education further worsens socio-economic inequities for young people with disabilities. Those from rural, low income or otherwise marginalised communities are disproportionately impacted, as are girls and learners who are blind or visually impaired. Read Sapana’s presentation (pdf)
  • Julia de Kadt participated in a panel on disability inclusion in education management information systems organised by Sightsavers, sharing preliminary findings from our study on the integration of the Washington Group Short Set questions in Pakistan’s annual school census, highlighting the importance and scale of the undertaking. While the census represented a significant commitment to disability inclusion, challenges with its implementation meant that very few children with functional difficulties or disabilities were identified. Read Julia’s presentation (pdf)
  • Steven Kaindaneh presented learnings from our gender-based violence research project in Sierra Leone, funded by Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI). The project uses digital research methods to put the voices of schoolchildren with disabilities at the centre of efforts to combat school-related gender-based violence. Read Steven’s presentation (pdf)
  • Sheru Muuo led a poster discussion based on findings from our research in Kenya, which explored teachers’ perspectives on disability-inclusive pre-school learning environments for children with disabilities. Read Sheru’s presentation (pdf)
Two young girls talk to each other in a playground. One of the girls has a physical disability and is using a wheelchair.

Inclusive Futures’ education resources

Sightsavers leads the Inclusive Futures initiative, which is UK aid’s flagship disability-inclusive development consortium. Read the programme’s guidance on ensuring education systems are inclusive for all children.

Visit Inclusive Futures

Signs of progress

There was a lot of interaction between Sheru and other participants around the findings of the research conducted in Kenya, and many people we spoke to really want to do the right things to support children with disabilities but struggle to know where or how to start.

At Sightsavers, we’re committed to inclusive education. We know that disability must be considered, and programmes made inclusive from the start, if we are to address the inequality facing children with disabilities and make progress towards SDG 4: Quality education. We’re keen to share what we’ve learned through our projects, and to collaborate with others who have the same commitment to education that leaves no child behind.

Despite our disappointment around the limited number of presentations addressing disability inclusion – in fact, because of it – we’ll continue attending global and national education events to remind actors in this space, both implementers and funders, that education for all can only be fully achieved when children with disabilities can access their right to learn.

Work with us

Let’s work together to end inequality in education.

Author


Veronica Stapleton is Sightsavers’ deputy technical director of inclusive education, based in the UK.

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